Liberalization of Trade in Japan Chemical Industries

trade liberalization and wage inequality in iran’s industries

this study examins effects of trade liberalization on the wage inequality across industries and between genders within these industries by utilizing the data of micro-level households’ income and expenditures surveys and trade statistics over 2001-2011. the analysis is carried based on the heckscher–ohlin’s theory in international trade and baker’s taste discrimination theory at firms. we use q...

Preferential Trade Liberalization:

Trade Liberalization and Employment

This paper reviews both multi-country and country studies on the impact of trade liberalization on growth and employment in developing countries. These studies reveal sharply contrasting effects of trade liberalization on employment, suggesting that country-specifi c and contingent factors are important. In particular, differences in how trade liberalization is implemented are particularly impo...

Perpetual Trade Liberalization

If the costs of going back on previously agreed tari¤ reductions are high relative to the terms of trade gains, then the multilateral liberalization process becomes ‘perpetual’. Perpetual trade liberalization has two unique characteristics. (i) No ‘e¢cient’ tari¤ level exists at which liberalization stops. (ii) Some liberalization must occur in every period. International agreements and institu...

Investment Responses to Trade Liberalization: Evidence from U.S. Industries and Establishments∗

This paper examines the e ect of a change in U.S. trade policy on the domestic investment of U.S. manufacturers. Using a di erence-in-di erences identi cation strategy, we nd that industries more exposed to reductions in import tari uncertainty exhibit relative declines in investment after the change in trade policy. Within industries, we nd that this relationship is concentrated among establis...